Surface condenser are classified into 4 types they are Down Flow Type Hence the surface condenser achieves 50% of efficiency based on the above parameters. Therefore, on substituting in above equation 2 we getĪbsolute pressure P a = 1.0322 – 0.92 =0.1122……….(3)įrom the standard temperature table, we can observe that at P a = 0.1122 the vacuum temperature to be maintained inside the condenser is 48 0 C to achieve better efficiency. We know that atmospheric pressure = 1.0322 kg and vacuum gauge pressure = 0.92 The following are the parameters to be maintained for obtaining better efficiency of surface condenser they are,įor calculating the vacuum temperature, we should calculate absolute pressure.Ībsolute pressure P a = atmospheric pressure – Vacuum gauge pressure P r….(2) Η condenser = temperature raise of cooling water inside the condenser (∆T) / (vacuum temperature and cooling water inlet temperature) ……….(1) It is defined as the ratio of temperature rise of cooling water inside the condenser to the difference between vacuum temperature and cooling water inlet temperature. The cooling water from the cooling water inlet is filled inside the tubes and the exhaust steam from exhaust steam inlet enters into the cylinder surrounding, thereby rejecting the heat and condenses the steam into the water which is collected at the bottom of the condenser and the impure water is sent out from the water outlet. Secondly by allowing steam to pass over a series of tubes and water to flow outside the tubes.Firstly by allowing cooling water to flow over the series of tubes and allowing steam to pass over tubes.The surface condenser can condense the steam in two ways. The cooling water flows in one direction in the lower half of the tubes and moves in the opposite direction in the upper half of the tubes. The water outlet is provided on the top right of the vessel to allow the impure water to outflow from the condenser, a steam inlet provided at the top of the vessel forces the steam to pass downwards over the tubes. A cooling inlet which is present at the bottom of the vessel allows the cooling water to inflow, the water tube passes water horizontally through the main condensing space, whose direction of movement of water inside the tube is represented as arrows.
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